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Du Ruhui
Du Ruhui (585–630), courtesy name Keming, posthumously known as Duke Cheng of Lai, was a Chinese official who served as a chancellor under Emperor Taizong in the early Tang dynasty. He and his colleague, Fang Xuanling, were often described as role models for chancellors in imperial China.
== During Sui dynasty ==
Du Ruhui was born in 585, during the reign of Emperor Wen of Sui. He was from the Sui capital Chang'an. His great-grandfather Du Jiao (杜皎) and grandfather Du Hui (杜徽) were both officials for Sui's predecessor state Northern Zhou, and his granduncle Du Guo (杜果) or Du Gao (杜杲) was particularly well-regarded during Sui.〔It appears fairly clear that Du Hui, not Du Guo/Gao (with "Guo" and "Gao" being two easily confused characters), was Du Ruhui's grandfather, but not completely. Du Ruhui's biography in the ''Old Book of Tang'' first said that Du Hui was his grandfather, and then said tha Du Guo was his grandfather. See ''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 66 (). The ''New Book of Tang'' gave only Du Guo as his grandfather. See ''New Book of Tang'', vol. 96 (). However, both works referred to the ''Book of Sui'', mentioning that Du Guo's biography was in the ''Book of Sui'' -- which, in turn, did not actually have a biography for anyone named Du Guo or Du Gao. See Table of Contents for the ''Book of Sui''. The ''History of Northern Dynasties'', vol. 70 (), however, contained a biography of Du Gao, the contents of which were consistent with Du Ruhui's biography but did not mention Du Ruhui's father Du Zha as a son -- and made a stray reference to Du Gao's older brother as Du Changhui (杜長暉), which many later historians believed to be intended to be a lead-in to Du Ruhui's family tree. As "Changhui" could be a courtesy name for Du Hui (particularly since Du Gao's courtesy name was mentioned as Zihui (子暉)), those historians of this camp believed that the ''History of Northern Dynasties'' biography for Du Gao confirmed that Du Guo/Gao was Du Ruhui's granduncle, not grandfather. The ''Zizhi Tongjian'', for example, referred to Du Ruhui as Du Guo's grandnephew. See ''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 179. See also the correspondence between Liao Weiyu (廖位育) and Bo Yang in the appendix of the ''Bo Yang Edition'' of the ''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 48. The biography of Du Ruhui's uncle Du Yan in the ''Old Book of Tang'' -- also in vol. 66 -- gave yet different names for the lineage, giving the names of Du Yan's grandfather as Du Ye (杜業) and father as Du Zheng (杜徵). It might be that Du Yan was not actually an uncle but only someone one generation higher in the Du clan. However, if this is true, the historical accounts gave no indication of such other than the discrepancies in the names of ancestors.〕 His father Du Zha (杜吒) was a provincial secretary general during Sui. Du Ruhui had at least one older brother, whose name is lost to history, and one younger brother, Du Chuke (杜楚客).
Du Ruhui himself was considered intelligent in his youth, and he often discussed literature and history with others. During Emperor Wen's reign, he participated in the civil service selection process, and the deputy minister of civil service affairs, Gao Xiaoji (高孝基), was particularly impressed with him. Gao gave him the post as a county magistrate, although Du did not remain at that post for long and resigned.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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